Why Sapphire Has Stayed at the Center of Fine Jewelry for Centuries
Blue sapphire gets its color from trace amounts of iron and titanium within corundum, and that color has placed it at the center of fine jewelry longer than almost any other colored stone. The range within blue alone is considerable: pale cornflower, mid-tone royal blue, the dense velvety tone associated with Kashmir stones. Color is evaluated on hue, tone, and saturation together. Stones that are too light read as watery. Stones that are too dark lose their transparency in low light. The most valued range sits between those extremes, with a pure blue hue and strong, even saturation.
Hardness and Wearability
Sapphire has a Mohs hardness of 9, second only to diamond. This is not a minor distinction. Most colored gemstones sit between 6.5 and 8 on the scale, which means they accumulate surface scratches over time from everyday contact with dust and other materials. Sapphire resists this. It is one of the few colored stones that can be worn in a ring daily without the surface degrading in a way that becomes visible over years. It can also tolerate ultrasonic cleaning, which is not the case for softer or more included stones.
Sapphire Beyond Blue
Corundum occurs in every color except red, which is classified separately as ruby. Pink, yellow, orange, green, and purple corundum are all sapphire. Padparadscha, a rare salmon-pink-orange tone named after the lotus flower, is among the most sought-after of the non-blue varieties. The color range of sapphire is broader than most people expect, and each color has its own character and market.
Frequently Asked Questions
Yes. With a Mohs hardness of 9, sapphire is highly resistant to scratching and holds up well in rings, which receive more contact and abrasion than other jewelry types. It is one of the most practical choices for daily wear among colored gemstones.
Corundum occurs in every color except red, which is classified as ruby. Blue is the most recognized color. Other sapphire colors include pink, yellow, orange, green, purple, and padparadscha, a rare salmon-pink-orange tone.
Clean with warm water and a soft brush. Sapphire can tolerate ultrasonic cleaning in most cases. Store away from diamonds, which are the only common material hard enough to scratch it.
Yes. Sapphire is the birthstone for September. It has also been used in engagement rings across many cultures for centuries, predating the diamond's dominance in that category.


